- Attorneys for the Rights of the Child
Attorneys for the Rights of the Child (ARC) is a non-profit organization, with international attorney affiliates, founded to secure equal protection for, and broaden judicial and public recognition of, children's inherent legal and human rights to physical integrity and self-determination, regardless of gender.
http://www.noharmm.org/ARC.htm
- BoysToo
Boys deserve the same protections as girls. Explores the inequity of allowing genital cutting for males but disallowing it for females.
http://www.boystoo.com/index.htm
- Circumcision of Healthy Boys: Criminal Assault?
Journal of Law and Medicine, Feb 2000 - Article argues that non-therapeutic circumcision of healthy boys is criminal assault, and that legal action is needed to protect boys from this kind of assault.
http://www.cirp.org/library/legal/boyle1/
- Circumcision: Legal Issues
This page describes and indexes legal material relevant to the performance of male circumcision in chronological order of publication. Includes US State Medical Boards section plus information for the United Kingdom, Australia and Canada.
http://www.cirp.org/library/legal/
- Federal Genital Integrity Act of 2000
A Proposal for updating existing 1995 U.S. female genital mutilation law to make it gender neutral.
http://www.claycritters.com/intact/proposal.htm
- Involuntary Circumcision: the Legal Issues
BJU International, 1999 - An in-depth review of circumcision related legal issues including: Bodily integrity and informed consent; United States case law ; United Kingdom law; International Law. The report concludes that "The medical community is violating the law through a combination of faulty medical opinion, negligence and inadequate consent".
http://www.cirp.org/library/legal/vanhowe5/
- Justifying the Unjustifiable: Rite V. Wrong
by A. Chessler - Buffalo Law Review, 1997 - A major review covering: Types of both male and female circumcision, justifications for, and legal arguments against. The report recommends in part, "Both physicians and parents must begin to look at and discuss the real issue--the abuse of innocent children".
http://www.cirp.org/library/legal/chessler/
- Legal Remedies for Penile Torts
by David J. Llewellyn, Attorney at Law - Published in Winter 1995, issue of The Compleat Mother.
http://www.cirp.org/library/legal/USA/llewellyn/
- Male Circumcision: Medical or Ritual?
Journal Of Law And Medicine - 1996 - This article discusses the history and reasoning behind male circumcision; identifies overwhelming medical evidence against the performance of non-medical (ritual) circumcision; and argues that the medical profession may be ignoring modern medical law through a combination of medical opinion, negligence, and vitiated consent.
http://www.cirp.org/library/legal/richards/
- NOHARMM Litigation Program
Contains sections on: - Rights: detailing options for legal recourse available to circumcised youth and their parents. - A Legal, Constitutional and Human Rights Library. - Attorney Referrals. - Articles and news stories regarding circumcision-related court cases and related legal precedents.
http://www.noharmm.org/litigation.htm
- Parental Authority to Consent to Circumcision
Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law, 1999 - Report argues that any parental rights should be subordinated to the child's right to bodily integrity; a court order should be required before the forcible circumcision of a child is allowed.
http://www.cirp.org/library/legal/povenmire/
- Physician Complaints
Circumvent provides information and resources for filing circumcision related physician complaints with state medical boards.
http://circumvent.org/index.htm
- Sue Circumcisers
Links to sources dealing with the legal issues of circumcision.
http://www.sexuallymutilatedchild.org/sue.htm
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